Module 2: Introduction to Development
2 Credits

Rationale

Sustained disaster prevention and intervention requires a wider perspective and an understanding of underlying key theoretical and empirical issues in relation to growth, development, poverty, inequality and human development. Disaster managers also need to understand the role of state, international actors, foreign aid, globalisation and its implication for pre and post disaster growth, development, poverty, inequality and human development. The key objective of the course is to equip student in examining basic concepts related to development, in order to understand disasters and meaningful sustainable response to it.

• To understand basic concepts and approaches to growth and development
• To understand the role of state and international actors in growth and development, in the Indian context.
• To introduce students to the key concepts and measures with regard to poverty, inequality and Human development and the policy issues involved.

UNIT 1
Basic Concepts in Development: What is Development? The means and ends of development – Human development and human security.

UNIT 2
Approaches to Growth and Development: Capitalism, Industrialization and Accumulation; Agrarian transition, structural change.

UNIT 3
The role of the state in development: The role of the State in capitalist development; State vs. Market and Keynesian policies. The rise of the welfare state (and the advance of human development). State intervention for growth – Catching up and Late industrializing countries – Japan and S. E. Asia – Developmental state.

UNIT 4
Fetters on Development and Growth: colonialism and neo-colonialism. Globalization – Exacerbation of vulnerabilities. Growth and development in global periphery – different phases - State-led planning- – the “urban bias” view -- turn to liberalisation and globalisation – the balance sheet of reform; new trade regimes and third world development. Foreign aid in relation to growth and development.

UNIT 5
Diverse structures and common characteristic of underdeveloped societies: Defining developing/underdeveloped societies; relative importance of public utilities; political structure power and interest groups.

UNIT 6
Poverty, inequality and human development in developing and underdeveloped societies: Absolute and relative poverty; Poverty line; Monetary poverty and multi-dimensional poverty; Chronic and transient poverty.

UNIT 7
Development and the environment – introduction to different perspectives and emerging challenges. Interconnections between development and disaster risks. Introduction to fundamentals of environmental management and governance. Management of the global commons. The connection between poverty and environment. Basics of sustainable development.

• A.P. Thirlwall (2008). _Growth and Development: With Special Reference to Developing Economies. _8th edition, chapters 2 and 5.
• Alexander Gerschenkron, 1956, “Economic backwardness in a historical perspective”, Belknap Publishers.
• Amiya Bagchi (2003). “Developmental State in History and the ‘Twentieth Century”. NEHU lectures.
• Amiya Bagchi, 1982, _Political Economy of Underdevelopment, Cambridge University Press, chapters 1-3.
• Cristobal Kay, 2001, Asia's and Latin America's development in comparative perspective: landlords, peasants and industrialisation, ISS Working paper Series no. 336.
• Ha Joon Chang, 2003, Kicking Away the Ladder: The Real History of Free Trade, newschool.edu [3].
• Mark Weisbrot, Dean Baker and David Rosnick (2007). “The Scorecard on Development: 25 years of Diminished Progress”, in Jomo and Baudot (eds.), pages 48-73.
• Perraton, Jonathan et.al [4]. (2007). “The Globalisation of Economic Activity”, New Political Economy, Vol2, No.2, 257-277.
• Terrence Byres, 1986, The Agrarian Question, Forms of Capitalist, Agrarian Transition and the State: An Essay with Reference to Asia, Social Scientist, pp.3-67.